Effect of punica granatum, citrus limon and their combinations on the plasma gonadotropins in female rabbits

Fruits produce revitalizing effects, hence the impact of Punica granatum, Citrus limon and their combinations have been investigated on the plasma levels of gonadotropin, testosterone and sexual development capacity in female rabbits. Ninety female rabbits were randomly assigned into nine groups, each comprising of ten animals. One group was given saline and designated as control. Three groups were given P. granatum 2mL /kg, 5mL/kg, 8mL/kg, other three groups received C. limon 0.2mL/kg, 0.4mL/kg, 0.6mL/kg respectively, remaining groups received C. limon and P. granatum in combination i.e. 0.4mL/kg C. limon + 5mL/kg P. granatum and 0.2mL/kg C. limon + 8mL/kg P. granatum. Juices were administered once daily by mouth from day 0 of pups delivered to postnatal day15. Blood samples were gathered from ear vein at day11 and day15. There was significant increase in follicle stimulating hormone by P. granatum at 5 and 8mL/kg on day 11 and 15, by C. limon at 0.4 and 0.6mL/kg on day11, 0.4mL/kg at day15, by combination doses of C. limon and P. granatum 0.4 +5mL/kg at day 11, 0.4+5 mL/kg and 0.2 + 8mL/kg at day15. There was also significant increase in luteinizing hormone by P. granatum at 2, 5 and 8mL/kg and by C. limon 0.4mL/kg at day11. There was highly significant increase on day 11 in LH at combination doses of C. limon and P. granatum 0.4 + 5mL/kg. There was significant increase in testosterone level by P. granatum at 2, 5 and 8mL/kg on day 11 and 5mL/kg on day15 and highly significant increase at 2 and 8mL/kg. C. limon caused significant increase in testosterone at 0.4 mL/kg on day11, 0.2 and 0.6mL/kg on day 15 and highly significant increase at 0.4mL/kg on day15. Whereas combinations doses of C. limon and P. granatum at 0.4+5mL/kg caused highly significant increase in testosterone level as compare to control. Results of present study revealed increase in plasma gonadotropin and testosterone levels showing increase in sexual capacity of female rabbits which could be mainly accounted for high vitamin C and flavonoids contents of these juices

Prophylactic and therapeutic effect of Punica granatum in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced inflammation in rats

Pomegranate [Punica granatum L., Punicaceae] contains varieties of antioxidants and phytochemicals; there are evidences that phytochemicals and antioxidants play a vital role in reducing inflammation. Hence this investigation was planned to assess the outcome of Punica granatum on trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid provoked colitis in rats at 2, 5 and 8ml/kg of the body weight. The effect of P. granatum was assessed in two group i.e. prophylaxis as pre-colitis and therapeutic as post-colitis. After completion of dosing in both the groups, macroscopic and histological examination of colon was carried out along with estimation of serum myeloperoxidase, glutathione, alkaline phosphate, fibrinogen and C-reactive protein. In prophylactic procedure P. granatum revealed significant [P

Memory boosting effect of citrus limon, pomegranate and their combinations

Memory is greatly influenced by factors like food, stress and quality of sleep, hence present study was designed to evaluate the effect of Citrus limon and Pomegranate juices on memory of mice using Harvard Panlab Passive Avoidance response apparatus controlled through LE2708 Programmer. Passive avoidance is fear-motivated tests used to assess short or long-term memory of small animals, which measures latency to enter into the black compartment. Animals at MCLD showed highly significant and significant increase in latency to enter into the black compartment after 3 and 24 hours respectively than control, animals at HCLD showed significant increase in latency only after 3 hours. Animals both at low and moderate doses of pomegranate showed significant increase in test latency after 3 hours, while animals at high dose showed highly significant and significant increase in latency after 3 and 24 hours respectively. There was highly significant and significant increase in latency in animals at CPJ-1 combination after 3 and 24 hours respectively; however animals received CPJ-2 combination showed significant increase in latency only after 3 hours as compare to control. These results suggest that Citrus limon and Pomegranate has phytochemicals and essential nutrients which boost memory, particularly short term memory. Hence it may be concluded that flavonoids in these juices may be responsible for memory enhancing effects and a synergistic effect is observed by CPJ-1 and CPJ-2 combinations

In vitro/in vivo effect of Citrus limon [L. Burm. f.] juice on blood parameters, coagulation and anticoagulation factors in rabbits

The genus Citrus of the family Rutaceae includes many species e.g. Citrus indica, Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus limon, among which Citrus limon L. Burm. f. has been reported to have highest antimicrobial activity. It is used as antidote against certain venom, due to its platelet inhibitory effect and also reported to have hypocholesterolemic effect. However its anticoagulant and thrombolytic effect were not been investigated, hence a prospective in-vitro/in-vivo study was designed to determine the effect of Citrus limon on blood parameters, coagulation and anticoagulation factors. Invitro tests revealed highly significant increase in thrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time by Citrus limon, whereas fibrinogen concentration was significantly reduced in comparison to control, however prothrombin time was not affected significantly. In-vivo testing of Citrus limon was done at three different doses i.e. 0.2ml/kg, 0.4ml/kg and 0.6ml/kg in healthy rabbits. Significant changes were observed in hematological parameters such as erythrocytes, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Bleeding time and thrombin time was significantly prolonged and there was increase in protein C and thrombin antithrombin complex levels. These results may be due to inactivation of thrombin because it significantly decreases fibrinogen concentration and inhibit platelet aggregation. Citrus limon showed maximal anticoagulant effect at 0.4ml/kg, which suggest that Citrus limon possesses an antithrombin component and could prevent thrombosis playing a cardio protective role

Assessment of acute toxicity and reproductive capability of a herbal combination

The drug under investigation is an herbal combination of Withania somnifera, Tribulus terrestris, Mucuna Pruriens and Argyreia speciosa which has been used for several years of its bio-stimulating, revitalizing and fertility enhancing effects. Present preclinical study is specifically designed to access the safety and efficacy of the product. The result of acute oral toxicity reveals that product is safe up to the dose of 5000mg/kg. The effects of study related to reproductive capability of drug on both sex reveals increase in reproduction rate up to two generations i.e. F0 and F1

Assessment of anticoagulant effect of evening primrose oil

Effect of evening primrose oil [EPO] was assessed on coagulation parameters following 30 and 60 days administration of 90, 180 and 360 micro l/kg oil to healthy rabbits of either sex. There was significant increase in all assays except Fibrinogen time. These effects might be due to inactivation or inhibition of factors affecting coagulation. The intake of evening primrose oil also significantly decreased platelet count. Results of this study suggest that evening primrose oil shows considerable anti-anticoagulant and anti-platelet activity in animals and has potential to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality